Nuclear power plants present specific risks, as they all contain varying quantities of radioactive products that can expose individuals, populations or the environment to ionizing radiation and its effects.
For the safe and efficient use of nuclear techniques, it is essential to be able to rely on measuring instruments. These include flowmeters for liquids, gases or steam, level sensors, temperature probes and pressure transmitters.
In addition, reliable diagnostic, monitoring and radiation protection equipment is required. Radiation protection equipment includes neutron survey meters and electronic personal dosimeters.
These instruments are crucial for optimizing processes in the nuclear industry. They help to reduce operating risks and increase the added value of nuclear facilities.
Fuji Electric measuring instruments accompany nuclear power plant professionals during every phase of their production process in order to :
Compliance with current standards
Radioactivity control
Nuclear materials safety
Risk prevention
Nuclear power plants generate heat from the nuclear fission of uranium. The heat is converted into steam, which drives a steam turbine to generate electricity.
In this type of reactor, the water used as moderator is also the coolant. The water is boiled directly in the reactor core, producing steam that drives the turbine.
In these reactors, the water used as a moderator is maintained at high pressure to prevent it from boiling. The heated water in the reactor core is used to exchange heat with a secondary circuit, where steam is produced to drive the turbine. The EPR is a modern evolution of the PWR, with improvements in safety and efficiency.
These are the Russian version of pressurized water reactors. They operate on the same principle as PWRs, but with differences in design and architecture.
In this type of reactor, heavy water (deuterium) is used as a moderator. Thanks to its properties, heavy water makes it possible to use natural uranium as fuel. CANDU (Canadian Deuterium Uranium) reactors are an example of a PHWR.
These reactors use fast neutrons for fission, without moderator. They have the capacity to produce more fissile fuel than they consume, hence the term "breeder".
SMRs represent a new generation of small-scale nuclear power plants designed to be modular and scalable. Modularity" refers to the ability to mass-produce these reactors in factories, then transport them to the site of their final installation. SMRs can vary in capacity, typically from 10 MWe to 300 MWe. This flexibility means faster installation, lower costs, and the possibility of deploying them in remote regions or with lower energy requirements. SMRs are also designed with advanced safety features, and can often operate longer without refueling than conventional large reactors. Several underlying technologies are being explored for SMRs, including pressurized water, molten salt and liquid metal reactors.
Nuclear power plants can supply large quantities of electricity without emitting carbon during operation. In addition, nuclear fuel can be reused after reprocessing. For these reasons,nuclear power is an important source of energy today. However, the use of radioactive materials requires special precautions, as radiation can cause serious effects on humans and the environment. Disposal of radioactive waste remains a major challenge.
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